Later on, the virus spread from Africa to Asia including Thailand where the first Asian case was reported in 1958. CHIKV was first isolated in Africa in 1955 and became epidemic periodically. The name “Chikungunya” comes from the Makonde language and means “that which bends up” reflective the arthritic symptoms of the disease. Notably, the arthralgia can be prolonged, persisting for months or years in some cases. In conclusion, the combination of all three residues (nsP2-L 618, nsP3-R 117, and E2-K 187) is required to produce the large plaque phenotype of CHIKV.Ĭhikungunya virus (CHIKV), a re-emerging arbovirus, is the causative agent of chikungunya fever, a dengue-like illness characterized by a high fever, skin rash, myalgia, and/or arthralgia. Moreover, the plaque size of the other recombinant virus tended to be smaller if they contained only one or two of the large plaque associated mutations in the viral genome. The results showed the recombinant virus which contains all three mutations, rCHK-L, produced significantly larger plaques than the other recombinant viruses ( p < 0.01). Eight recombinant CHIKVs were constructed to determine which amino acids mediated the large plaque phenotype. Whole genome analysis of the large plaque virus in comparison to parental isolate revealed a number of mutations, leading to the following amino acid changes: nsP2 (P 618→L), nsP3 (G 117→R), and E2 (N 187→K). The resulting virus produced homogenous large plaques and showed a more pathogenic phenotype than the parental wild-type CHIKV. In this study, a large plaque variant of CHIKV isolated from patient in Thailand was subjected to repeated cycles of plaque-purification in Vero cells. CHIKV re-emerged from 2004 onwards, and subsequently caused major outbreaks in many parts of the world including the Indian Ocean islands, Asia, and the Americas. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne Alphavirus, is the etiological agent of chikungunya fever.
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